Latin America during 1964–1970 is reframed as development unfolding within the capitalist world-system, turning attention from isolated national trajectories to global economic structures. Research patterns combine macro-level structural analysis with micro-level social processes, foregrounding education, culture, and urban life as sites of emancipation and contestation. Methodologies emphasize ethnography, political economy critique, and cross-national comparison to trace how state policy, class dynamics, and cultural action shape social change and gradual democratization.